Understanding Glaucoma: What It Is and How It Affects Vision

Glaucoma is often called the "silent thief of sight" because it can cause irreversible vision loss before noticeable symptoms appear. This group of eye conditions damages the optic nerve, which is essential for clear vision. At Texas State Optical Bulverde, we believe understanding glaucoma and prioritizing regular eye exams are key to protecting your vision for a lifetime.
 

What Is Glaucoma?

Glaucoma is a condition that increases pressure within the eye (intraocular pressure) or causes poor blood flow to the optic nerve, resulting in damage. The optic nerve connects the eye to the brain, transmitting visual information. When it's damaged, your ability to see clearly diminishes.
 

There are two main types of glaucoma:
 

• Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: The most common form, it develops slowly over time with no obvious symptoms in the early stages.
   

• Angle-Closure Glaucoma: A less common but more severe form, this can occur suddenly and requires immediate medical attention.
   

How Does Glaucoma Affect Vision?

Glaucoma typically affects peripheral (side) vision first. Without treatment, the condition progresses to tunnel vision and, eventually, complete blindness. Because the early stages are often symptom-free, it’s crucial to identify it before vision loss occurs.
 

Risk Factors for Glaucoma

Certain factors increase the likelihood of developing glaucoma, including:
 

• Age (40 and older for African Americans, 60 and older for others)
   

• Family history of glaucoma
   

• High intraocular pressure
   

• Thin corneas
   

• Pre-existing eye conditions such as severe nearsightedness or farsightedness
   

• Certain health conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease
   

If any of these risk factors apply to you, it’s especially important to schedule regular eye exams.
 

Signs and Symptoms to Be Aware Of

In its early stages, glaucoma often has no noticeable symptoms. However, as the condition progresses, you may experience warning signs such as gradual loss of peripheral vision, blurred or tunnel vision, halos around lights, and difficulty adjusting to low light. 
 

In cases of angle-closure glaucoma, symptoms can appear suddenly and include severe eye pain, nausea, vomiting, redness in the eye, and sudden vision loss. If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s crucial to seek immediate medical attention, as prompt treatment can prevent further vision loss. Regular eye exams are key to catching glaucoma before symptoms arise.
 

The Importance of Early Detection

Glaucoma cannot be cured, but its progression can be managed effectively with early detection and treatment. Regular comprehensive eye exams at Texas State Optical Bulverde include advanced tests to measure intraocular pressure, assess the optic nerve, and evaluate your peripheral vision. These screenings can detect glaucoma in its earliest stages, often before vision is affected.
 

Schedule Your Eye Exam Today

We are committed to preserving your vision and ensuring your eyes remain healthy. Whether you're at risk for glaucoma or simply due for a routine exam, our comprehensive evaluations are designed to detect problems early and keep your vision sharp.
 

Schedule your glaucoma screening at Texas State Optical to take the first step toward safeguarding your vision and eye health. Visit our office in Spring Branch, Texas, or call (830) 215-4540 to book an appointment today.